@import url("https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=IBM+Plex+Sans:ital,wght@0,400;0,500;0,600;0,700;1,400&family=Noto+Sans+SC:wght@400;500;600;700&family=Noto+Serif+SC:wght@400;600;700&family=Source+Serif+4:opsz,wght@8..60,400;8..60,500;8..60,600;8..60,700&display=swap");

:root {
  color-scheme: light;
  --paper: #f3efe6;
  --paper-2: #e9e2d6;
  --surface: #faf7f0;
  --surface-2: #e5ded2;
  --ink: #191817;
  --graphite: #625f59;
  --faint: #8e8980;
  --oxide: #8f2f23;
  --oxide-bright: #a83a2b;
  --line: #c9c0b3;
  --line-strong: #8d867d;
  --danger: #9b261b;
  --success: #2d6950;
  --shadow: 0 16px 45px rgba(47, 39, 29, .08);
  --radius: 3px;
  --radius-sm: 2px;
  --container: 1120px;
  --heading: 880px;
  --reader: 700px;
  --section: clamp(4.8rem, 9vw, 8.5rem);
  --sans: "IBM Plex Sans", "Noto Sans SC", system-ui, sans-serif;
  --serif: "Source Serif 4", "Noto Serif SC", Georgia, serif;
  --bg: var(--paper);
  --text: var(--ink);
  --muted: var(--graphite);
  --accent: var(--oxide);
  --accent-2: var(--oxide-bright);
  --border: var(--line);
}

html[data-resolved-theme="dark"] {
  color-scheme: dark;
  --paper: #171918;
  --paper-2: #202321;
  --surface: #1d201e;
  --surface-2: #292c29;
  --ink: #f0ece2;
  --graphite: #bbb6ac;
  --faint: #89877f;
  --oxide: #d66b59;
  --oxide-bright: #e47b68;
  --line: #3d403c;
  --line-strong: #6c6e67;
  --danger: #f18473;
  --success: #85c5a3;
  --shadow: 0 20px 52px rgba(0, 0, 0, .28);
}

* { box-sizing: border-box; }
html { scroll-behavior: smooth; scroll-padding-top: 88px; background: var(--paper); transition: color .2s ease, background-color .2s ease; }
body { margin: 0; overflow-x: hidden; background: var(--paper); color: var(--ink); font-family: var(--sans); font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.65; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; transition: color .2s ease, background-color .2s ease; }
main { animation: page-enter .28s ease both; }
body[data-locale="zh"] { font-family: "Noto Sans SC", var(--sans); }
img { display: block; max-width: 100%; height: auto; }
a { color: inherit; text-decoration-thickness: .08em; text-underline-offset: .2em; }
button, input, textarea, select { font: inherit; }
button { color: inherit; }
h1, h2, h3, p { margin-top: 0; }
h1, h2, h3 { text-wrap: balance; }
::selection { color: #fff; background: var(--oxide); }

.sr-only { position: absolute !important; width: 1px; height: 1px; padding: 0; margin: -1px; overflow: hidden; clip: rect(0,0,0,0); white-space: nowrap; border: 0; }
.skip-link { position: fixed; z-index: 999; top: -100px; left: 1rem; padding: .7rem 1rem; color: white; background: var(--oxide); }
.skip-link:focus { top: 1rem; }
.container { width: min(calc(100% - 48px), var(--container)); margin-inline: auto; }
.section { padding: var(--section) 0; }
.section-tight { padding: 0 0 var(--section); }
.eyebrow { margin: 0 0 .8rem; color: var(--oxide); font-size: .72rem; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: .13em; text-transform: uppercase; }
.arrow-link { display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: .4rem; color: var(--oxide); font-size: .82rem; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: .02em; text-decoration: none; }
.arrow-link span { transition: transform .2s ease; }
.arrow-link:hover span { transform: translate(2px,-2px); }
.arrow-link.large { font-size: .92rem; }
.text-button { padding: 0; border: 0; color: var(--oxide); background: transparent; text-decoration: underline; cursor: pointer; }
.button { display: inline-flex; min-height: 44px; align-items: center; justify-content: center; padding: .7rem 1rem; border: 1px solid var(--line-strong); border-radius: var(--radius); background: transparent; font-weight: 600; text-decoration: none; cursor: pointer; }
.button.primary { border-color: var(--oxide); color: #fff; background: var(--oxide); }
.button.primary:hover { background: var(--oxide-bright); }
.button.secondary:hover { border-color: var(--oxide); color: var(--oxide); }

.site-header { position: sticky; z-index: 100; top: 0; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); background: color-mix(in srgb, var(--paper) 92%, transparent); backdrop-filter: blur(16px); }
.nav { min-height: 78px; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: space-between; gap: 2rem; }
.brand { display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: .65rem; color: var(--ink); text-decoration: none; }
.brand-mark { flex: 0 0 38px; width: 38px; height: 38px; }
.brand-mark img { width: 38px; height: 38px; }
.brand-name { font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 1.12rem; font-weight: 650; letter-spacing: -.025em; white-space: nowrap; }
.brand-asset-dark { display: none; }
html[data-resolved-theme="dark"] .brand-asset-light { display: none; }
html[data-resolved-theme="dark"] .brand-asset-dark { display: block; }
.nav-panel, .nav-links, .nav-tools { display: flex; align-items: center; }
.nav-panel { gap: 1.25rem; }
.nav-links { gap: 1.1rem; margin: 0; padding: 0; list-style: none; }
.nav-link { position: relative; padding: .3rem 0; color: var(--graphite); font-size: .8rem; font-weight: 500; text-decoration: none; }
.nav-link::after { content: ""; position: absolute; inset: auto 0 -.35rem; height: 1px; background: var(--oxide); transform: scaleX(0); transform-origin: right; transition: transform .2s; }
.nav-link:hover, .nav-link.active { color: var(--ink); }
.nav-link.active::after, .nav-link:hover::after { transform: scaleX(1); transform-origin: left; }
.nav-tools { gap: .75rem; padding-left: 1rem; border-left: 1px solid var(--line); }
.locale-control { display: flex; gap: .35rem; color: var(--faint); font-size: .7rem; font-weight: 600; text-decoration: none; }
.locale-control span:not(.locale-active) { color: var(--faint); }
.locale-active { color: var(--ink); }
.locale-control.compact, .nav-mobile-controls { display: none; }
.theme-picker { position: relative; }
.theme-toggle { display: grid; width: 34px; height: 34px; place-items: center; padding: 0; border: 1px solid var(--line); border-radius: 50%; background: transparent; cursor: pointer; }
.theme-toggle svg { width: 16px; fill: none; stroke: currentColor; stroke-width: 1.7; }
.theme-toggle:hover { border-color: var(--oxide); color: var(--oxide); }
.theme-menu { position: absolute; top: calc(100% + .6rem); right: 0; min-width: 126px; padding: .35rem; border: 1px solid var(--line); background: var(--surface); box-shadow: var(--shadow); }
.theme-menu[hidden] { display: none; }
.theme-menu button { width: 100%; padding: .45rem .6rem; border: 0; background: transparent; color: var(--graphite); text-align: left; cursor: pointer; }
.theme-menu button:hover, .theme-menu button[aria-checked="true"] { color: var(--ink); background: var(--surface-2); }
.menu-toggle { display: none; }

.editorial-hero { min-height: calc(100svh - 78px); display: grid; align-items: center; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); }
.hero-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 130px minmax(0,1fr) 230px; gap: clamp(2rem, 5vw, 5rem); align-items: center; padding-block: 6rem; }
.hero-number { align-self: stretch; display: flex; flex-direction: column; justify-content: space-between; padding: .5rem 1.5rem .5rem 0; border-right: 1px solid var(--line); color: var(--oxide); }
.hero-number span { font-size: .68rem; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: .22em; writing-mode: vertical-rl; transform: rotate(180deg); }
.hero-number strong { font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 3rem; font-weight: 400; }
.hero-main h1 { max-width: 730px; margin-bottom: 2rem; font-family: var(--serif); font-size: clamp(3.7rem, 7.5vw, 7rem); font-weight: 500; letter-spacing: -.055em; line-height: .94; }
.hero-title-line { display: block; opacity: 0; transform: translateY(16px); animation: hero-line .58s cubic-bezier(.22,.7,.28,1) forwards; animation-delay: calc(80ms + var(--line-index) * 80ms); }
.hero-intro { opacity: 0; transform: translateY(10px); animation: hero-intro .5s ease forwards; animation-delay: .24s; }
.hero-main .hero-lead { animation-delay: .32s; }
.hero-main .arrow-link { animation-delay: .4s; }
body[data-locale="zh"] .hero-main h1 { max-width: 650px; font-family: "Noto Serif SC", var(--serif); font-size: clamp(3.5rem, 7vw, 6.5rem); line-height: 1.13; letter-spacing: -.06em; }
.hero-lead { max-width: 680px; color: var(--graphite); font-family: var(--serif); font-size: clamp(1.18rem, 2.1vw, 1.5rem); line-height: 1.55; }
body[data-locale="zh"] .hero-lead { max-width: 31em; font-family: "Noto Serif SC", var(--serif); line-height: 1.9; }
.hero-main .arrow-link { margin-top: 1.4rem; }
.hero-note { align-self: stretch; display: flex; flex-direction: column; justify-content: space-between; padding-top: .5rem; }
.hero-note .coordinate { color: var(--faint); font-family: monospace; font-size: .62rem; letter-spacing: .08em; }
.hero-note p { margin: 0; color: var(--graphite); font-size: .76rem; line-height: 1.65; }
.critical-diagram { position: relative; width: 150px; height: 150px; margin: auto; border: 1px solid var(--line); transform: rotate(45deg); clip-path: inset(0 100% 0 0); animation: diagram-draw .75s ease .32s forwards; }
.critical-diagram::before, .critical-diagram::after { content: ""; position: absolute; background: var(--oxide); }
.critical-diagram::before { inset: 50% 0 auto; height: 1px; }
.critical-diagram::after { inset: 0 auto 0 50%; width: 1px; }
.critical-diagram i { position: absolute; width: 8px; height: 8px; border-radius: 50%; background: var(--oxide); opacity: 0; transform: translate(-50%,-50%) scale(.35); animation: node-appear .28s ease forwards; }
.critical-diagram i:nth-child(1) { animation-delay: .66s; }.critical-diagram i:nth-child(2) { animation-delay: .73s; }.critical-diagram i:nth-child(3) { animation-delay: .8s; }.critical-diagram i:nth-child(4) { animation-delay: .87s; }
.critical-diagram i:nth-child(1) { top: 0; left: 50%; }.critical-diagram i:nth-child(2) { top: 50%; left: 100%; }.critical-diagram i:nth-child(3) { top: 100%; left: 50%; }.critical-diagram i:nth-child(4) { top: 50%; left: 0; }

@keyframes page-enter { from { opacity: 0; } to { opacity: 1; } }
@keyframes hero-line { to { opacity: 1; transform: translateY(0); } }
@keyframes hero-intro { to { opacity: 1; transform: translateY(0); } }
@keyframes diagram-draw { to { clip-path: inset(0); } }
@keyframes node-appear { to { opacity: 1; transform: translate(-50%,-50%) scale(1); } }

.motion-ready [data-reveal] { opacity: 0; transform: translateY(16px); transition: opacity .52s ease, transform .52s cubic-bezier(.22,.7,.28,1), clip-path .62s cubic-bezier(.22,.7,.28,1); }
.motion-ready [data-reveal].is-visible { opacity: 1; transform: translateY(0); }
.motion-ready .reader-content figure[data-reveal] { clip-path: inset(0 0 100%); }
.motion-ready .reader-content figure[data-reveal].is-visible { clip-path: inset(0); }

.index-heading { display: flex; align-items: end; justify-content: space-between; gap: 2rem; margin-bottom: 3rem; padding-bottom: 1rem; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line-strong); }
.index-heading h2, .related-heading h2 { margin: 0; font-family: var(--serif); font-size: clamp(2.2rem, 4.5vw, 4rem); font-weight: 500; letter-spacing: -.04em; line-height: 1; }
.featured-list, .publication-list { border-top: 1px solid var(--line); }
.publication-item { position: relative; display: grid; grid-template-columns: minmax(0,1fr); gap: .65rem 2.5rem; padding: .25rem 0 2rem; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); }
.publication-item.has-image { grid-template-columns: minmax(0,1fr) 250px; }
.publication-item.featured.has-image { grid-template-columns: 1.12fr .88fr; padding: .25rem 0 2rem; }
.publication-item.featured + .publication-item { border-top: 1px solid var(--line-strong); }
.publication-image { grid-column: 2; grid-row: 2; align-self: start; overflow: hidden; aspect-ratio: 3/2; background: var(--paper-2); transition: clip-path .62s cubic-bezier(.22,.7,.28,1); }
.motion-ready .publication-image { clip-path: inset(0 0 100% 0); }
.motion-ready .publication-item.is-visible .publication-image { clip-path: inset(0); }
.publication-image img { width: 100%; height: 100%; aspect-ratio: 3/2; object-fit: cover; transition: transform .35s ease; }
.publication-item:hover .publication-image img { transform: scale(1.015); }
.publication-copy { grid-column: 1; grid-row: 2; min-width: 0; }
.publication-kicker { grid-column: 1 / -1; grid-row: 1; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: .45rem; margin: 0; color: var(--faint); font-size: .68rem; letter-spacing: .04em; text-transform: uppercase; }
.publication-kicker span:first-child { color: var(--oxide); font-weight: 700; }
.publication-kicker > * + *::before { content: "·"; margin-right: .45rem; color: var(--line-strong); }
.publication-item h3 { max-width: 760px; margin: 0 0 .6rem; font-family: var(--serif); font-size: clamp(1.6rem, 3vw, 2.65rem); font-weight: 500; letter-spacing: -.035em; line-height: 1.12; overflow-wrap: anywhere; }
.publication-item.featured h3 { font-size: clamp(2.4rem, 5.2vw, 4.7rem); line-height: 1.02; }
body[data-locale="zh"] .publication-item h3 { font-family: "Noto Serif SC", var(--serif); line-height: 1.35; }
.publication-item h3 a { text-decoration: none; }
.publication-item h3 a { transition: color .18s ease; }
.publication-item:hover h3 a, .publication-item h3 a:hover { color: var(--oxide); }
.publication-subtitle { color: var(--ink); font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 1.05rem; }
.publication-excerpt { max-width: 650px; color: var(--graphite); font-family: var(--serif); line-height: 1.65; }
body[data-locale="zh"] .publication-excerpt { max-width: 36em; font-family: "Noto Serif SC", var(--serif); line-height: 1.9; }
.topic-list { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: .4rem; margin: 1rem 0 1.2rem; padding: 0; list-style: none; }
.topic-list li { padding: .18rem .45rem; border: 1px solid var(--line); color: var(--graphite); font-size: .65rem; }

.inquiry-section { padding: var(--section) 0; color: #f1ece3; background: #862d22; }
.inquiry-section .eyebrow { color: #f0b5a8; }
.inquiry-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: .8fr 1.2fr; gap: clamp(3rem,8vw,8rem); }
.inquiry-intro h2 { max-width: 410px; margin: 0; font-family: var(--serif); font-size: clamp(3rem,6vw,5.5rem); font-weight: 500; letter-spacing: -.05em; line-height: 1; }
.inquiry-list { margin: 0; padding: 0; list-style: none; }
.inquiry-list li { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 3rem 1fr; gap: 1rem; padding: 1.4rem 0; border-top: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.3); }
.inquiry-list li:last-child { border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.3); }
.inquiry-list span { color: #e9b7ad; font-size: .72rem; }
.inquiry-list h3 { margin-bottom: .25rem; font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 1.6rem; font-weight: 500; }
.inquiry-list p { margin: 0; color: #dfd0c9; font-size: .88rem; }
.recent-grid, .related-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; gap: 0 2.5rem; border-top: 1px solid var(--line); }
.recent-grid .publication-item.has-image, .related-grid .publication-item.has-image { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
.recent-grid .publication-image, .related-grid .publication-image { grid-column: 1; grid-row: 2; margin-bottom: .7rem; }
.recent-grid .publication-copy, .related-grid .publication-copy { grid-column: 1; grid-row: 3; }
.recent-grid .publication-excerpt, .related-grid .publication-excerpt { display: none; }

.page-masthead { padding: clamp(5rem,9vw,8rem) 0 3.5rem; }
.masthead-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: minmax(0,1fr) minmax(260px,430px); gap: 3rem; align-items: end; }
.page-masthead h1, .about-page h1, .contact-page h1 { margin: 0; font-family: var(--serif); font-size: clamp(4.5rem,10vw,9rem); font-weight: 500; letter-spacing: -.065em; line-height: .85; }
body[data-locale="zh"] .page-masthead h1, body[data-locale="zh"] .about-page h1, body[data-locale="zh"] .contact-page h1 { font-family: "Noto Serif SC", var(--serif); line-height: 1; }
.masthead-intro { margin: 0; color: var(--graphite); font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 1.2rem; }
body[data-locale="zh"] .masthead-intro { font-family: "Noto Serif SC", var(--serif); line-height: 1.9; }
.filter-bar { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 2fr repeat(3,minmax(130px,1fr)); gap: .6rem; padding: .8rem 0 2.2rem; border-top: 1px solid var(--line-strong); }
.filter-bar label { min-width: 0; }
.filter-bar input, .filter-bar select, input, textarea, select { width: 100%; min-height: 44px; padding: 0 .75rem; border: 1px solid var(--line); border-radius: var(--radius); outline: none; color: var(--ink); background: var(--surface); }
.filter-bar input:focus, .filter-bar select:focus, input:focus, textarea:focus, select:focus { border-color: var(--oxide); box-shadow: 0 0 0 2px color-mix(in srgb, var(--oxide) 20%, transparent); }
.search-field { position: relative; }
.search-field svg { position: absolute; top: 13px; left: .8rem; width: 18px; fill: none; stroke: var(--graphite); stroke-width: 1.5; }
.search-field input { padding-left: 2.4rem; }
.empty-state { padding: 4rem 1rem; border-top: 1px solid var(--line); border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); color: var(--graphite); text-align: center; }
.empty-state h2 { font-family: var(--serif); font-weight: 500; }
.is-error { color: var(--danger) !important; }

.article-header { padding: clamp(4rem,8vw,7.5rem) 24px 0; }
.article-heading { width: min(100%, var(--heading)); margin-inline: auto; }
.back-link { display: inline-block; margin-bottom: 3rem; color: var(--graphite); font-size: .72rem; text-decoration: none; }
.back-link:hover { color: var(--oxide); }
.article-kicker { margin-bottom: .9rem; color: var(--oxide); font-size: .75rem; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: .12em; text-transform: uppercase; }
.article-heading h1 { margin-bottom: 1.5rem; font-family: var(--serif); font-size: clamp(3.3rem,7vw,6.5rem); font-weight: 500; letter-spacing: -.055em; line-height: .98; overflow-wrap: anywhere; }
body[data-locale="zh"] .article-heading h1 { font-family: "Noto Serif SC", var(--serif); line-height: 1.18; }
.article-subtitle { max-width: 760px; margin-bottom: 1.2rem; font-family: var(--serif); font-size: clamp(1.35rem,2.5vw,1.9rem); line-height: 1.4; }
.article-abstract { max-width: 720px; color: var(--graphite); font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 1.15rem; line-height: 1.65; }
body[data-locale="zh"] .article-subtitle, body[data-locale="zh"] .article-abstract { font-family: "Noto Serif SC", var(--serif); line-height: 1.9; }
.article-byline { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: .5rem 1.4rem; margin-top: 2rem; padding-top: 1.1rem; border-top: 1px solid var(--line); color: var(--graphite); font-size: .75rem; }
.article-byline p { margin: 0; }
.article-byline span { color: var(--faint); }
.article-actions { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: .5rem; margin-top: 1.4rem; }
.action-button { display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: .5rem; min-height: 38px; padding: .4rem .65rem; border: 1px solid var(--line); background: transparent; font-size: .72rem; cursor: pointer; }
.action-button:hover { border-color: var(--oxide); color: var(--oxide); }
.translation-note { width: min(100%, var(--heading)); display: grid; grid-template-columns: auto 1fr; gap: .8rem 1.1rem; align-items: baseline; margin: 2.25rem auto 0; padding: .8rem 0; border-top: 1px solid var(--line); border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); }
.translation-label { color: var(--faint); font-size: .64rem; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: .09em; text-transform: uppercase; }
.translation-note p { margin: 0; color: var(--graphite); font-size: .75rem; }
.translation-note strong { color: var(--ink); }
.article-figure { width: min(calc(100% - 48px), var(--reader)); margin: 2.5rem auto 0; break-inside: avoid; }
.article-figure-wide { width: min(calc(100% - 48px), var(--container)); }
.article-figure img { width: 100%; height: auto; max-height: 78svh; object-fit: contain; background: var(--paper-2); }
.article-figure figcaption { max-width: var(--reader); margin: .7rem auto 0; color: var(--graphite); font-size: .72rem; }
.article-figure figcaption span, .article-figure figcaption cite { color: var(--faint); }
.article-video-wrap { width: min(calc(100% - 48px), var(--container)); margin: 2.5rem auto 0; break-inside: avoid; }
.article-video { display: block; width: 100%; height: auto; max-height: 78svh; aspect-ratio: 16 / 9; object-fit: contain; background: #000; }
.article-video-wrap figcaption { max-width: var(--reader); margin: .7rem auto 0; color: var(--graphite); font-size: .72rem; }
.article-video-wrap figcaption span, .article-video-wrap figcaption cite { color: var(--faint); }
.article-video-poster-print { display: none; }
.article-layout { width: min(calc(100% - 48px), var(--container)); display: grid; grid-template-columns: minmax(0,1fr) minmax(0,var(--reader)) minmax(0,1fr); gap: 50px; margin: 2.5rem auto 4rem; align-items: start; }
.article-toc, .article-rail { position: sticky; top: 110px; color: var(--graphite); font-size: .7rem; }
.article-toc > p, .article-rail > p { color: var(--ink); font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: .1em; text-transform: uppercase; }
.article-toc ol, .article-rail ul { margin: 0; padding: 0; list-style: none; }
.article-toc li { margin: .45rem 0; line-height: 1.4; }
.article-toc .toc-level-3 { padding-left: .7rem; }
.article-toc .toc-level-4 { padding-left: 1.4rem; }
.article-toc a { text-decoration: none; }
.article-toc a:hover { color: var(--oxide); }
.rail-rule { width: 38px; height: 1px; margin-bottom: 1.2rem; background: var(--oxide); }
.article-rail li { margin: .35rem 0; }
.reader-content { min-width: 0; color: var(--ink); font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 1.16rem; line-height: 1.78; }
body[data-locale="zh"] .reader-content { font-family: "Noto Serif SC", var(--serif); font-size: 1.1rem; line-height: 2.05; letter-spacing: .02em; }
.reader-content > *:first-child { margin-top: 0; }
.reader-content p { margin: 0 0 1.45em; }
.reader-content h2, .reader-content h3, .reader-content h4 { position: relative; scroll-margin-top: 100px; break-after: avoid; }
.reader-content h2 { margin: 2.2em 0 .7em; font-size: 2.1rem; line-height: 1.18; }
.reader-content h3 { margin: 2em 0 .6em; font-size: 1.55rem; }
.reader-content h4 { margin: 1.8em 0 .5em; font-family: var(--sans); font-size: 1rem; text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: .07em; }
.heading-anchor { margin-left: .35rem; color: var(--line-strong); font-family: var(--sans); font-size: .65em; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; opacity: 0; }
.reader-content h2:hover .heading-anchor, .reader-content h3:hover .heading-anchor, .heading-anchor:focus { opacity: 1; }
.reader-content a { color: var(--oxide); }
.reader-content blockquote { margin: 2.2rem 0; padding: .5rem 0 .5rem 1.5rem; border-left: 3px solid var(--oxide); color: var(--graphite); font-size: 1.25rem; font-style: italic; break-inside: avoid; }
.reader-content blockquote p:last-child { margin-bottom: 0; }
.reader-content code { padding: .08em .28em; border: 1px solid var(--line); background: var(--surface); font-family: ui-monospace, monospace; font-size: .82em; }
.reader-content pre { overflow-x: auto; padding: 1.2rem; color: var(--ink); background: var(--surface-2); break-inside: avoid; }
.reader-content pre code { padding: 0; border: 0; background: transparent; }
.reader-content figure { margin: 2.5rem 0; break-inside: avoid; }
.reader-content figure img { width: 100%; }
.reader-content figcaption { margin-top: .6rem; color: var(--graphite); font-family: var(--sans); font-size: .72rem; }
.reader-content ul, .reader-content ol { margin: 0 0 1.5em; padding-left: 1.3em; }
.reader-content li { margin: .35em 0; }
.table-wrap { max-width: 100%; overflow-x: auto; margin: 2rem 0; break-inside: avoid; }
.reader-content table { width: 100%; min-width: 560px; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: var(--sans); font-size: .78rem; }
.reader-content th, .reader-content td { padding: .7rem; border: 1px solid var(--line); text-align: left; vertical-align: top; }
.reader-content th { background: var(--surface-2); }
.reader-content hr { margin: 3rem 0; border: 0; border-top: 1px solid var(--line); }
.footnotes { margin-top: 3rem; color: var(--graphite); font-size: .85em; }
.article-supplement { width: min(calc(100% - 48px), var(--reader)); margin: 4rem auto; padding-top: 1.5rem; border-top: 1px solid var(--line-strong); font-family: var(--serif); }
.article-supplement h2 { font-family: var(--sans); font-size: 1rem; letter-spacing: .08em; text-transform: uppercase; }
.article-print-footer { display: none; }
.related-section { padding: var(--section) 0; border-top: 1px solid var(--line); background: var(--paper-2); }
.related-heading { margin-bottom: 2rem; }
.citation-dialog { width: min(calc(100% - 32px),650px); padding: 0; border: 1px solid var(--line-strong); color: var(--ink); background: var(--surface); box-shadow: var(--shadow); }
.citation-dialog::backdrop { background: rgba(0,0,0,.55); }
.citation-dialog form { position: relative; padding: 2rem; }
.citation-dialog h2 { font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 2rem; }
.dialog-close { position: absolute; top: .7rem; right: .7rem; width: 34px; height: 34px; border: 0; background: transparent; font-size: 1.5rem; cursor: pointer; }
.citation-tabs { display: flex; gap: .4rem; margin-bottom: 1rem; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); }
.citation-tabs button { padding: .5rem .7rem; border: 0; border-bottom: 2px solid transparent; background: transparent; cursor: pointer; }
.citation-tabs button.active { border-color: var(--oxide); color: var(--oxide); }
.citation-panel pre { overflow-x: auto; padding: 1rem; border: 1px solid var(--line); white-space: pre-wrap; background: var(--paper); }

.about-page, .contact-page { padding: clamp(4.5rem,8vw,7rem) 0 clamp(5rem,10vw,9rem); }
.about-intro, .contact-editorial { display: grid; grid-template-columns: minmax(260px,.72fr) minmax(0,1.28fr); gap: clamp(3rem,8vw,8rem); align-items: end; padding-bottom: clamp(3.5rem,7vw,6rem); border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line-strong); }
.about-page h1 { font-size: clamp(4.2rem,8.5vw,7.4rem); }
.about-intro > p, .contact-editorial > header p { max-width: 570px; margin-bottom: .3rem; color: var(--graphite); font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 1.18rem; line-height: 1.65; }
.about-statement { width: min(100%,840px); margin: clamp(4.5rem,8vw,7rem) 0 clamp(4.5rem,8vw,7rem) auto; }
.about-statement p { margin-bottom: .7em; font-family: var(--serif); font-size: clamp(2.625rem,4.5vw,3.5rem); font-weight: 500; letter-spacing: -.035em; line-height: 1.18; }
.about-statement p:last-child { color: var(--graphite); }
body[data-locale="zh"] .about-intro > p, body[data-locale="zh"] .about-statement p { font-family: "Noto Serif SC", var(--serif); }
body[data-locale="zh"] .about-intro > p { max-width: 30em; line-height: 1.9; }
body[data-locale="zh"] .about-statement { max-width: 800px; }
body[data-locale="zh"] .about-statement p { font-weight: 600; letter-spacing: -.025em; line-height: 1.45; }
.about-principles { border-top: 1px solid var(--line-strong); }
.about-principles article { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 3rem minmax(180px,.7fr) minmax(0,1.3fr); gap: 1.5rem; align-items: baseline; padding: 1.45rem 0; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); }
.about-principles span { color: var(--oxide); font-size: .7rem; font-weight: 700; }
.about-principles h3 { margin: 0; font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 1.45rem; font-weight: 600; }
.about-principles p { max-width: 610px; margin: 0; color: var(--graphite); }
body[data-locale="zh"] .about-principles h3 { font-family: "Noto Serif SC", var(--serif); }
.contact-editorial > header { display: block; }
.contact-form { display: grid; gap: 1.1rem; padding-top: 1rem; border-top: 1px solid var(--line-strong); }
.field { display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: .4rem; }
.field label { font-size: .75rem; font-weight: 600; }
.field label span { color: var(--graphite); font-weight: 400; }
textarea { min-height: 120px; padding: .75rem; resize: vertical; }
.error { min-height: 1em; color: var(--danger); font-size: .7rem; }
.form-status { min-height: 1.5rem; color: var(--success); }
.honeypot { position: absolute; left: -10000px; }

.site-footer { padding: 3rem 0; border-top: 1px solid var(--line-strong); }
.footer-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1.4fr 1fr auto; gap: 2rem; align-items: start; }
.footer-brand { display: flex; gap: 1rem; align-items: center; }
.footer-mark { flex: 0 0 46px; }
.footer-mark img { width: 46px; }
.footer-brand strong { font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 1.1rem; }
.footer-brand p, .footer-meta p { margin: .2rem 0 0; color: var(--graphite); font-size: .72rem; }
.footer-links { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; gap: .5rem 1rem; font-size: .75rem; }
.footer-links a { text-decoration: none; }
.footer-links a:hover { color: var(--oxide); }
.footer-meta { color: var(--graphite); font-size: .72rem; text-align: right; }
.back-to-top { display: inline-block; margin-top: .5rem; }

.site-header, .site-footer, .nav-panel, .theme-menu, input, textarea, select, button { transition-property: color, background-color, border-color; transition-duration: .2s; transition-timing-function: ease; }

:focus-visible { outline: 2px solid var(--oxide); outline-offset: 3px; }
button:disabled { opacity: .55; cursor: wait; }

@media (max-width: 1120px) {
  .article-layout { width: min(calc(100% - 48px), var(--reader)); display: block; }
  .article-toc, .article-toc-spacer, .article-rail { display: none; }
}

@media (max-width: 1000px) {
  .hero-grid { grid-template-columns: 80px minmax(0,1fr) 190px; gap: 2rem; }
  .nav-links { gap: .7rem; }
}

@media (max-width: 820px) {
  .container { width: min(calc(100% - 40px), var(--container)); }
  .nav { min-height: 70px; }
  .brand-mark, .brand-mark img { width: 34px; height: 34px; }
  .brand-name { font-size: 1rem; }
  .nav-mobile-controls { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: .8rem; }
  .locale-control.compact { display: block; }
  .menu-toggle { display: block; width: 38px; height: 38px; padding: 9px; border: 1px solid var(--line); background: transparent; }
  .menu-toggle span { display: block; height: 1px; margin: 6px 0; background: currentColor; transition: transform .2s; }
  .menu-toggle[aria-expanded="true"] span:first-child { transform: translateY(3.5px) rotate(45deg); }
  .menu-toggle[aria-expanded="true"] span:last-child { transform: translateY(-3.5px) rotate(-45deg); }
  .nav-panel { position: absolute; inset: 70px 0 auto; display: block; align-items: stretch; max-height: 0; overflow: hidden; padding: 0 20px; border-bottom: 1px solid transparent; background: var(--paper); opacity: 0; visibility: hidden; transform: translateY(-8px); transition: max-height .22s ease, padding .22s ease, opacity .18s ease, transform .22s ease, visibility 0s linear .22s, border-color .2s ease, background-color .2s ease; }
  .nav-panel.open { max-height: 430px; padding: 1.2rem 20px 1.5rem; border-color: var(--line); opacity: 1; visibility: visible; transform: translateY(0); transition-delay: 0s; }
  .nav-links { display: grid; gap: 0; }
  .nav-link { display: block; padding: .7rem 0; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 1.2rem; }
  .nav-link::after { display: none; }
  .nav-tools { justify-content: flex-end; margin-top: 1rem; padding: 0; border: 0; }
  .nav-tools .locale-control { display: none; }
  .hero-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; padding-block: 4.5rem; }
  .hero-number { display: none; }
  .hero-note { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr 1.5fr; gap: 1rem; padding-top: 2rem; border-top: 1px solid var(--line); }
  .critical-diagram { display: none; }
  .hero-main h1 { font-size: clamp(3.6rem,13vw,6rem); }
  .publication-item.featured.has-image { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .publication-item.featured.has-image .publication-image { grid-column: 1; grid-row: 1; margin-bottom: .45rem; }
  .publication-item.featured.has-image .publication-kicker { grid-column: 1; grid-row: 2; }
  .publication-item.featured.has-image .publication-copy { grid-column: 1; grid-row: 3; }
  .inquiry-grid, .masthead-grid, .about-intro, .contact-editorial { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .filter-bar { grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; }
  .search-field { grid-column: 1/-1; }
  .about-principles article { grid-template-columns: 2.5rem minmax(160px,.7fr) minmax(0,1.3fr); gap: 1rem; }
}

@media (max-width: 600px) {
  .container { width: min(calc(100% - 40px), var(--container)); }
  .section { padding: 5rem 0; }
  .hero-note { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .hero-main h1 { letter-spacing: -.045em; }
  .index-heading { align-items: start; flex-direction: column; }
  .publication-item.has-image, .publication-item.featured.has-image { grid-template-columns: 1fr; padding: 1.5rem 0 2rem; }
  .publication-item.has-image .publication-image { grid-column: 1; grid-row: 1; margin-bottom: .45rem; }
  .publication-item.has-image .publication-kicker { grid-column: 1; grid-row: 2; }
  .publication-item.has-image .publication-copy { grid-column: 1; grid-row: 3; }
  .publication-item h3 { font-size: 1.8rem; }
  .publication-item.featured h3 { font-size: 2.6rem; }
  .recent-grid, .related-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .inquiry-intro h2 { font-size: 3rem; }
  .page-masthead { padding: 4.5rem 0 2.5rem; }
  .page-masthead h1, .about-page h1, .contact-page h1 { font-size: 4.4rem; }
  .filter-bar { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .search-field { grid-column: auto; }
  .article-header { padding-inline: 20px; }
  .article-heading h1 { font-size: 3rem; }
  .article-byline { display: grid; gap: .25rem; }
  .article-layout, .article-figure, .article-figure-wide, .article-video-wrap, .article-supplement { width: calc(100% - 40px); }
  .reader-content { font-size: 1.08rem; line-height: 1.75; }
  body[data-locale="zh"] .reader-content { font-size: 1.05rem; line-height: 2; }
  .reader-content h2 { font-size: 1.75rem; }
  .about-page { padding-top: 4rem; }
  .about-intro { gap: 2rem; padding-bottom: 3rem; }
  .about-statement { margin: 4rem 0; }
  .about-statement p { font-size: clamp(2.25rem,10.8vw,3rem); line-height: 1.24; }
  body[data-locale="zh"] .about-statement p { font-size: clamp(2rem,9.5vw,2.65rem); line-height: 1.5; }
  .about-principles article { grid-template-columns: 2rem 1fr; gap: .7rem 1rem; padding: 1.35rem 0; }
  .about-principles h3 { font-size: 1.3rem; }
  .about-principles p { grid-column: 2; }
  .footer-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .footer-meta { text-align: left; }
}

@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
  html { scroll-behavior: auto; }
  *, *::before, *::after { scroll-behavior: auto !important; animation-duration: .01ms !important; animation-iteration-count: 1 !important; transition-duration: .01ms !important; }
  [data-reveal] { opacity: 1 !important; transform: none !important; clip-path: none !important; }
}

@media print {
  @page { size: auto; margin: 18mm 17mm 20mm; }
  :root, html[data-resolved-theme="dark"] { color-scheme: light; --paper: #fff; --surface: #fff; --ink: #000; --graphite: #333; --line: #bbb; --oxide: #000; }
  html, body { background: #fff !important; color: #000 !important; font-size: 10.5pt; }
  .skip-link, .site-header, .site-footer, .no-print, .related-section { display: none !important; }
  [data-reveal], .motion-ready [data-reveal], .motion-ready [data-reveal].is-visible { opacity: 1 !important; transform: none !important; clip-path: none !important; animation: none !important; transition: none !important; }
  .research-article { display: block; }
  .article-header { padding: 0 0 10mm; }
  .article-heading { width: 100%; max-width: none; }
  .back-link { display: none; }
  .article-heading h1 { margin: 0 0 6mm; font-size: 28pt; line-height: 1.05; }
  .article-subtitle { font-size: 16pt; }
  .article-abstract { padding: 4mm 0; border-top: .5pt solid #999; border-bottom: .5pt solid #999; font-size: 11pt; }
  .article-byline { padding-top: 3mm; border-top: 0; }
  .article-figure, .article-figure-wide, .article-video-wrap, .article-layout, .article-supplement { width: 100%; max-width: none; margin: 8mm auto; }
  .article-figure img, .reader-content figure img, .article-video-poster-print { width: auto; max-width: 100%; height: auto; max-height: 170mm; margin-inline: auto; object-fit: contain; }
  .article-video { display: none !important; }
  .article-video-wrap:not(.has-print-poster) { display: none !important; }
  .article-video-poster-print { display: block; }
  .article-layout { display: block; }
  .reader-content { font-size: 10.5pt; line-height: 1.55; }
  .reader-content h2 { font-size: 17pt; }
  .reader-content h3 { font-size: 13pt; }
  .reader-content h2, .reader-content h3, .reader-content h4, figure, figcaption, blockquote, pre, table, tr { break-inside: avoid; }
  .reader-content a::after { content: " (" attr(href) ")"; font-family: var(--sans); font-size: .72em; overflow-wrap: anywhere; }
  .reader-content a[href^="#"]::after { content: ""; }
  .heading-anchor { display: none; }
  .table-wrap { overflow: visible; }
  .reader-content table { min-width: 0; font-size: 8pt; }
  .article-print-footer { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; gap: 1rem; align-items: end; margin-top: 12mm; padding-top: 4mm; border-top: .5pt solid #999; font-family: var(--sans); font-size: 8pt; }
  .article-print-footer img { width: 139px; height: 28px; }
  .article-print-footer div { text-align: right; }
  .article-print-footer p { margin: 0; }
}